News

Stealth knitting on public sculpture deemed illegal

The result of a yarn bombing: a knitted cozy on sculpture's "T".

A stealth knitting project which involved creating a cozy cover for a piece of public sculpture on the Berkeley-Oakland border has come to the attention of the authorities who have asked that it be taken down.

We reported last week on the covert night-time “yarn bombing” operation which led to the “Here and There” sculpture on Adeline Street becoming, effectively, “Here and Here” after the letter “T” was given a knitted covering.

Berkeley City’s Civic Arts Coordinator Mary Ann Merker visited a nearby knitting and crafts studio yesterday to let them know that altering or defacing a piece of public art constitutes a violation of Federal law.

“Ms Merker said that if we happened to know who had given the T its cozy, could we ask them to take it down,” says Sile Convery, owner of Knit-One-One. “She was very nice about it,” she adds. Ms Merker had not returned calls from Berkeleyside at the time of writing. We also put in a call to the sculpture’s artist, Steve Gillman, but have not heard back.

The group behind the stealth knitting action has not decided what to do. The original intent, according to a source close to the group, was to let nature take its course. Given the current wet weather, one would have thought the cozy would be the worse for wear, but, according to Convery whose store is close to the sculpture, it’s bearing up well.

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  • http://basiscraft.com Thomas Lord

    I’m afraid I don’t quite see how the T cozy constitutes defacement.

    That sculpture always bugged me on some level to which this benign but potent response really appeals. It’s a very nice art hack. Defacement my *$*@#&.

  • Liz

    Ah, art wars. I do think it gives a really interesting context on the existing sculpture, especially from something not traditionally so subversive as knitting/crochet. But whether spray paint, gum or yarn, it is not there at the owner’s request and so it is defacement. Knittaplease should take it down, since it has been requested of them

  • http://fiberbeat.com/ WonderMIke

    I agree with Thomas. This is not defacement, nor is it permanent. It’s an artistic response to another work of art. I somehow doubt that the original artist would mind this temporary aesthetic renovation. I hope it doesn’t have to come down, but it is lovely while it lasts.

  • http://www.yourmomissoberkeley.com Berto

    My worry is that if they don’t remove it themselves Jim Sharp may decide to just cover it in silver paint.

  • http://www.jam2day.blogspot.com Johann

    Yarnstorming is illegal because of FEDERAL law?

    What does the law actually say?

    Actually, the knitting appears (from the photo) to have a name on it. If they want the person responsible to take it down, why don’t they ask that person? Why should they ask the personnel of a yarn store to remove it? Do they consider the yarn store personnel responsible?

    And if it’s so illegal, why don’t THEY take it down? If it’s so illegal, why don’t the POLICE remove it? Does not removing it make the police accomplices to the “crime?”

  • Cliff Magnes

    I’m taking both sides on this one.

    On the one hand, I agree that this is a benign and potent contribution, and not defacement per se. I see it more as a Christoesque commentary which is as clever as the piece itself. I think Gertrude Stein would have approved, I’d love to know what the artist thinks. Since it is the T that makes the piece so clever in the first place, T cozy is perfect!

    On the other hand, this is public art, it belongs to all of us. We can’t allow it to be defaced or destroyed. The city has a right and a duty to protect what belongs to everyone, and no one has the right to usurp that public right. However, when people use the public sidewalk outside of the Freight to play acoustic music before a show, I don’t think we say they are abusing the public space, they are contributing to it.

    Having said that, I hope it stays up. Not that it really matters, the art has already happened, it was clearly meant to be temporary. Sometimes ephemeral art is the best art, just ask Joyce Cary or Gully Jimson. I’m just glad Ms. Taylor shared this vision with the rest of us.

  • Jean

    Come on, people. It’s yarn, and done with an artistic mind. Leave it alone!

  • Cliff Magnes

    PS To Johann,

    The sign on the knitting says “Knittas Please.” Get it?

    As for asking the people to put it up to take it down, and whether the yarn store might be responsible, you may want to read in between the lines (or go directly to the embedded urls). It could be that the city has asked those responsible to take it down.

    If you click on the link in the article above covert night-time “yarn bombing” operation and then click the links in that article to The “perpetrators”, and remain anonymous, you’ll see why it’s so important that the perpetrators remain anonymous. (shhhhhhh). Sometimes the wonderful humor in these articles gets buried (but not that deeply).

    Good question about what Federal law is being broken, but the question about whether having the police remove it (in their copious free time) would make them accomplices to “the crime” is just plain silly.

  • http://www.yourmomissoberkeley.com Berto

    Johann, the yarn bombers have been pretty open about their affiliations with certain yarn based operations in Berkeley.

  • http://www.mylifewithknitters.blogspot.com Village Books

    Go yarn taggers! We will not be stopped from putting smiles on faces!

  • Cliff Magnes

    Berto,

    YBO’s? I wouldn’t be suprised if that wasn’t one of those exotic derivitives that caused the unraveling of the economy ;-]

  • http://www.yourmomissoberkeley.com Berto

    Your mom is so Berkeley she thought YBOs were an offshoot of the SLA :-)

  • Cliff Magnes

    Your mom is so Berkeley she used to sell YBO products on Telegraph Avenue. Still does. ;-]

  • Pingback: Knit One One » Blog Archive » You are invited to a “T” Party (Sunday May 30)

  • Ann Ballard

    Was that a piece of art that was purchased with tax payer
    dollars? I really really detest “grant writer artists” who do
    only get paid with tax dollars. True art comes from the soul.
    That’s why knitted socks are true art. :)

  • Pingback: Stealth knitters hold “T” party protest – Berkeleyside

  • Pingback: Guerrilla Knitting Declared Illegal | Yarn Scoop

  • Cliff Magnes

    Yarnscoop (& Johan),

    I can save you a filing fee. Why go to court when it’s so easy to find if you know where to look online? I too found it hard to believe that there could be a federal law that covered this “T cozy”, but what do you know, there is.

    While there may be others, I’m going to guess that the city is citing VARA (the Visual Arts Rights Act of 1990). It’s in the US Code, TITLE 17, CHAPTER 1, § 106A –”Rights of certain authors to attribution and integrity:”

    “(a) …the author of a work of visual art …(1) shall have the right— 3. (A) to prevent any intentional distortion, mutilation, or other modification of that work which would be prejudicial to his or her honor or reputation, and any intentional distortion, mutilation, or modification of that work is a violation of that right, and …”

    http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/106A.html

    I don’t think there is any question that this is “intentional distortion” or “modification,” so it appears that the law is not on the side of the T cozy.

    I wonder if this is actually being driven by the artist? If I’m reading the code correctly, the artist has the right to waive that right, and could easily waive the right just for the T cozy, while not giving up any future rights to object to any modifications. Could this be why the artist hasn’t publicly commented on this yet?

    I Learn something new every day here on Berkeleyside.

  • http://basiscraft.com Thomas Lord

    Cliff, does the City of Berkeley hold copyright in that work? If not… they’ve apparently no cause of action under the law you cite.

    And, if the City does hold copyright, I’m not so sure that “intententional distortion” or “modification” truly applies. That’s ultimately an aesthetic argument given the transient nature of a bunch of yarn and the varying understandings of what the art is “about”.

  • Cliff Magnes

    Thomas Lord,

    Wow, that was fast. You are everywhere!

    Actually, as I read the code the law applies irrespective of copyright:

    “(b) Scope and Exercise of Rights.— Only the author of a work of visual art has the rights conferred by subsection (a) in that work, whether or not the author is the copyright owner.”

    I would say that adding a knitted covering to the tee is a “modification” under VARA, it would be hard to argue that it wasn’t in front of a disinterested and impartial third party (but I like the existential questions you raise).

    I like the T cozy, I think it’s a wonderful addition, but it would appear to be illegal unless the artist consents. I hope it stays up, but if this is the law that Berkeley City’s Civic Arts Coordinator Mary Ann Merker is citing, then I would say that leaving it up will require civil disobedience (which I would also respect in this case).

  • http://www.yourmomissoberkeley.com Berto

    Re: the artist’s opinion

    From the Chronicle via Berkeleyside’s Berkeley Wire:

    “Meanwhile, one of the two artists who created “Herethere” said he applauds the knitter’s civic disobedience and thinks the city should leave the cozy alone.

    “They have started a dialogue where possibly only a monologue had existed before,” artist Steve Gillman wrote in an e-mail. “I think it is unfortunate that the city is taking such a rigid stance on this. After all, nothing permanent is going on here. A most gentle and beautiful protest, in my opinion.”

  • Cliff Magnes

    Berto,

    You’re beautiful! The T cozy can stay up! If Mr. Gillman puts his waiver in writing and gives it to Mary Ann Merker, there is no violation! Here is the relevant section of VARA:

    (e) Transfer and Waiver.—
    (1) The rights conferred by subsection (a) may not be transferred, but those rights may be waived if the author expressly agrees to such waiver in a written instrument signed by the author. Such instrument shall specifically identify the work, and uses of that work, to which the waiver applies, and the waiver shall apply only to the work and uses so identified.

    Another problem solved by people who have “too much time on their hands.” Well done, Berekelyside Community!

  • Cliff Magnes

    My apologies to the artist, Steve Gillman, I didn’t realize he had made a public statement. I don’t have so much time on my hands that I catch everything, even when there is a link on Berkeleyside.

    What fun it will be for him to be able to tell the city to lay off the knittas! This is such a fun story, I hope that it gets wider coverage when and if Mr. Gillman puts a stop to further enforcement. This is the kind of story that gets picked up nationally ….

  • http://www.yourmomissoberkeley.com Berto

    Someone needs to educate Merker about the law. Doesn’t look like she’d be inclined to grant his waiver if he were to send it. Here’s her quote from the same article:

    “Merker said she understood Gillman’s sentiment, but the yarn must still go.

    “He has a right to his opinion,” she said. “But he doesn’t own it anymore.”

  • Cliff Magnes

    Berto,

    Assuming that she is relying on VARA, her statement would appear to be … incorrect.

    As I read the law, I don’t see anything about the City of Berkeley or Mary Ann Merker “granting” any waiver, it’s Steve Gillman who grants the waiver to the anonymous individuals who knitted the cozy. Once he has granted that waiver, the right of the city to use the provisions in VARA to force the removal of the cozy are … terminated.

    That doesn’t meant that the City or Mary Ann Merker might be relying on some other part of the Federal Code (but I doubt it), or that there may not be some California Statute or BMC that they might try to stretch to fit (hard to believe they can find something that fits it to a T, though).

    I also can’t believe that in all the coverage on this, no one has cited the law she is alleging is being broken. I’m just amazed that we let people get away with saying “a violation of Federal Law” without immediately demanding to know exactly what law they are referring to. I finally read the Chronicle article, but not all the comments, so maybe someone covered this. If the City is relying on VARA, we could have easily seen that the artist has the right to grant a waiver.

    I see this case unraveling before the T cozy does, but only if Steve Gillman waives his right under VARA to “prevent any intentional distortion, mutilation, or other modification of that work which would be prejudicial to his or her honor or reputation, and any intentional distortion, mutilation, or modification of that work is a violation of that right.”

    He would have to “expressly agrees to such waiver in a written instrument signed by the author. Such instrument shall specifically identify the work, and uses of that work, to which the waiver applies, and the waiver shall apply only to the work and uses so identified.” Remember, it doesn’t matter who owns the work (we do, not the City of Berkeley, sometimes we forget these subtle distinctions), these rights are specific to the right to modify the work, in this case, with a tea cozy.

    It will be interesting to see if the Mr. Gillman or the anonymous knitters pursue this.